How to grow boston fern
Overview
Boston fern (Nephrolepis exaltata) is a lush, evergreen herbaceous fern grown for its arching, feathery fronds. It thrives in humid, shaded spots and is ideal for hanging baskets, patios, and indoor containers. Keep it consistently moist and out of harsh afternoon sun.
Varieties
- Nephrolepis exaltata 'Bostoniensis' — The classic Boston fern with long, arching fronds, widely grown in Australian hanging baskets.
- Nephrolepis exaltata 'Compacta' — A compact, bushy variety ideal for smaller pots and indoor spaces.
- Nephrolepis exaltata 'Golden Boston' — A golden-green form that adds bright colour to shaded patios.
Soil Preparation
Prefers slightly acidic to neutral pH (5.5–6.5). Use a rich, well-draining potting mix with peat or coir and added perlite. In garden beds, amend with compost and ensure good drainage to prevent waterlogging.
Growing Guide
Plant Boston fern in a well-drained, rich organic potting mix or garden soil with added compost. Space plants 30–45 cm apart to allow air circulation. For baskets, use a moisture-retentive mix with perlite. Avoid direct hot sun; dappled or morning light is best. Water deeply 2–3 times weekly in warm weather, less in winter. Propagate by division of mature clumps in spring or early summer.
Care
Feed monthly with a balanced liquid fertiliser (e.g., seaweed or fish emulsion) during spring and summer. Remove old or yellowing fronds at the base to encourage fresh growth. Mist fronds regularly in dry weather to boost humidity.
Companion Planting
Pair with other shade-lovers like bromeliads, calathea, and peace lilies. Also good with ferns such as maidenhair and bird's nest fern. Avoid placing near plants that need full sun or dry soil, like lavender or succulents.
Common Pests & Risks
Scale and mealybug are common, especially in dry periods. Treat with horticultural oil or neem oil spray. Brown frond tips often indicate dry air or underwatering; increase humidity and check soil moisture. Avoid overwatering to prevent root rot.
Troubleshooting
Yellowing fronds: usually overwatering or poor drainage; let soil dry slightly between waterings. Brown crispy edges: low humidity or underwatering; mist regularly and increase watering. Fronds dropping: cold draught or sudden temperature change; move to a warmer, sheltered spot. Scale or mealybug: treat with neem oil or insecticidal soap. Stunted growth: lack of fertiliser; feed monthly in growing season.