Plant Library celeriac
Vegetable · Full Sun

How to grow celeriac

Apium graveolens var. rapaceum
celeriac
Photo: Schlaghecken Josef / Wikimedia Commons (CC BY 4.0)
☀️
Full Sun
Sun
💧
High
Water
📐
30–45 cm
Spacing
🌾
100–150 days
Days to harvest

Overview

Celeriac, also known as celery root, is a root vegetable grown for its swollen, knobby root that offers a mild celery-parsley flavor. It stores exceptionally well and requires consistent moisture and rich, well-drained soil to produce tender, sweet roots.

Varieties

  • Prinz — Smooth-skinned variety that is easy to peel and resistant to bolting, ideal for Australian gardens.
  • Giant Prague — Traditional large-rooted variety with excellent flavour and storage ability, widely available in Australia.
  • Brilliant — White-fleshed, tender and mild, with good resistance to leaf spot and splitting.

Soil Preparation

Prepare soil with deep digging and incorporate well-rotted manure or compost. Ideal pH is 6.0-6.8. Ensure good drainage to avoid root rot; heavy clay soils should be improved with organic matter.

Growing Guide

Sow seeds 3mm deep in a seed tray or direct in garden after frost risk passes. Space seedlings 30cm apart in rows 45cm apart in full sun and fertile, moist soil. Keep soil consistently moist; mulch heavily to retain moisture and suppress weeds. Remove lower leaves as the root swells to expose the crown and prevent side rooting. Celeriac needs a long, cool growing season—avoid heat stress which causes bolting and tough roots.

Sowing

Sow seeds 3mm deep in seed trays or directly into the garden. Germination takes 14-21 days at 15-20°C. Keep seedbed consistently moist. Thin seedlings to 25-30cm apart when they have 3-4 true leaves.

Care

Feed celeriac monthly with a balanced liquid fertiliser during active growth. Mulch heavily to maintain moisture and suppress weeds. Remove outer leaves as the root develops to expose the crown and prevent side roots forming.

Companion Planting

Celeriac grows well with brassicas (broccoli, cabbage, kale) and leeks, which share similar soil and water needs. Avoid planting near other Apiaceae family members such as celery, parsnips, or carrots to reduce pest and disease pressure.

Common Pests & Risks

Aphids and celery leaf miner are common in Australian gardens. Remove leaf miner blotches promptly and use insecticidal soap for aphids. Slugs and snails also attack young plants; control with iron phosphate baits or hand picking.

Harvesting

Harvest celeriac when the root reaches 8-10cm in diameter, typically 120-150 days after sowing. Lift with a garden fork on a dry day, trim off leaves, and store in a cool, dark place or fridge for up to several months.

In the Kitchen

Celeriac is eaten raw in salads or coleslaw, and cooked in soups, stews, and mash. Peeled roots should be dipped in acidulated water to prevent browning. Store roots in a cool, dark place (fridge or cellar) for up to several months.

Troubleshooting

Tough, fibrous roots: caused by inconsistent watering or poor soil; water regularly and enrich soil. Split roots: result of uneven moisture; maintain steady watering. Bolting (running to seed): triggered by heat or drought; plant in cool season and mulch. Leaf yellowing: nitrogen deficiency or overwatering; apply balanced fertiliser and check drainage. Leaf miner tunnels: remove affected leaves; use floating row cover in spring.

Planting Calendar

Climate zone
Sow
Transplant
Harvest
Cool Hobart · Canberra · highlands
Sep–Nov
Oct–Dec
Mar–Jun
Temperate Melbourne · Adelaide · coastal NSW · most of NZ
Aug–Nov
Sep–Dec
Dec–May
Mediterranean Perth · Eyre Peninsula
Mar–Jun
Apr–Jun
Jul–Oct

Common Questions

How long does celeriac take to grow?
Celeriac typically takes 120-150 days from sowing to harvest, depending on the variety and growing conditions.
Can celeriac grow in a pot?
Yes, choose a deep pot at least 30cm wide and deep. Keep the soil consistently moist and feed monthly. Harvest will be smaller but still worthwhile.
When should I plant celeriac in Australia?
In cool and temperate zones, sow in spring (August to November). In mediterranean zones, sow in autumn (March to June) for a winter harvest.
How much water does celeriac need?
Celeriac needs consistently moist soil—water deeply 2-3 times a week, more often in hot weather. Never allow the soil to dry out completely.
What are good companion plants for celeriac?
Good companions include brassicas like broccoli and cabbage, as well as leeks and onions. Avoid planting near carrots, parsnips, or celery to reduce pest sharing.
Why are my celeriac roots small and tough?
Small, tough roots usually indicate inconsistent watering, poor soil fertility, or heat stress. Ensure rich soil, steady moisture, and plant in the cool season.
Does celeriac need rich soil?
Yes, celeriac thrives in deep, fertile loam rich in organic matter. Add well-rotted manure or compost before planting and feed monthly during growth.
How do I store celeriac after harvest?
Trim off leaves, brush off soil, and store in a plastic bag in the fridge or a cool, dark place (5-10°C). It will keep for several months if stored properly.

Quick Facts

Sun Full Sun
Water High
Spacing 30–45 cm
Days to harvest 100–150
Frost tolerance Medium

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