Plant Library geranium cranesbill
Herb · Part Shade

How to grow geranium cranesbill

Geranium sanguineum
geranium cranesbill
Photo: MPF / Wikimedia Commons (CC BY-SA 4.0)
☀️
Part Shade
Sun
💧
Medium
Water
📐
30–45 cm
Spacing
❄️
High
Frost tolerance

Overview

Geranium sanguineum, commonly called cranesbill, is a clump-forming herbaceous perennial grown for its finely divided foliage and saucer-shaped pink flowers. It thrives in part shade with moderate moisture and is valued as a reliable groundcover or filler in mixed borders.

Varieties

  • Geranium sanguineum var. striatum — A compact form with pale pink flowers veined in deeper pink, ideal for rockeries.
  • Geranium sanguineum 'Album' — Pure white flowers on a low-growing mound, excellent for brightening shady spots.
  • Geranium sanguineum 'Max Frei' — A vigorous, free-flowering selection with magenta-pink blooms and a long season.

Soil Preparation

Prefers a neutral to slightly alkaline pH (6.5–7.5) and well-drained loam or sandy soil. If soil is heavy clay, amend with coarse sand and compost to improve drainage. Avoid waterlogged sites.

Growing Guide

Plant in well-drained soil enriched with organic matter, in a position that receives morning sun and afternoon shade. Space 30–40 cm apart to allow for spreading. Water regularly during the first growing season to establish a deep root system; once established, it is moderately drought-tolerant. Mulch in spring to retain moisture and suppress weeds. Cut back after flowering to encourage a second flush of blooms.

Sowing

Sow seeds 3 mm deep in seed trays of moist seed-raising mix in autumn or spring. Germination takes 14–21 days at 15–20°C. Transplant seedlings when 5–10 cm tall. Direct sowing is less reliable; best results come from nursery-raised plants or division.

Care

Feed with a balanced slow-release fertiliser in early spring. After the main flowering flush, cut back spent stems to the base to promote fresh foliage and a possible second bloom. Divide clumps every 3–4 years in autumn to maintain vigour and prevent centre dieback.

Companion Planting

Pairs well with roses, lavender, and catmint for a cottage-garden look. Avoid planting near aggressive spreaders like mint or bamboo, which can outcompete its shallow roots.

Common Pests & Risks

Watch for slugs and snails on young growth in damp conditions; control with iron-based pellets or beer traps. Aphids may appear on new shoots but rarely cause significant damage; hose off or treat with insecticidal soap if needed.

Troubleshooting

Yellowing leaves: overwatering or poor drainage; reduce watering and improve soil. Brown leaf edges: too much direct sun or dry air; move to part shade. Leggy growth: insufficient light; relocate to a brighter spot. Powdery mildew: humid, still air; improve air circulation and avoid overhead watering. Centre dieback: old clumps need division; replant fresh divisions every 3–4 years.

Planting Calendar

Climate zone
Plant / repot
Transplant
Peak season
Cool Hobart · Canberra · highlands
Sep–Nov
Oct–Dec
Dec–Feb
Temperate Melbourne · Adelaide · coastal NSW · most of NZ
Aug–Oct
Sep–Nov
Nov–Jan
Mediterranean Perth · Eyre Peninsula
Mar–May
Apr–Jun
Aug–Oct
Subtropical Brisbane · coastal QLD · northern NSW · Auckland
Mar–May
Apr–Jun
Aug–Oct

Common Questions

How long does geranium cranesbill take to grow?
From seed, expect 12–18 months to reach flowering size. From divisions or nursery pots, it will bloom in the first season.
Can geranium cranesbill grow in a pot?
Yes, in a container at least 30 cm wide with drainage holes. Use a quality potting mix and water regularly; it will need dividing every 2–3 years.
When should I plant geranium cranesbill in Australia?
In cool and temperate zones, plant in spring (Sep–Nov). In Mediterranean and subtropical zones, plant in autumn (Mar–May) to avoid summer heat stress.
How much water does geranium cranesbill need?
Keep soil consistently moist during the first growing season. Once established, water deeply once a week in dry weather; reduce in winter.
What are the best companion plants for geranium cranesbill?
Roses, lavender, catmint, and salvia are excellent companions. Avoid aggressive spreaders like mint or bamboo.
When should I prune geranium cranesbill?
Cut back spent flower stems after the main bloom in late spring to encourage a second flush. In late autumn, trim back old foliage to the ground.
Why are the leaves turning yellow?
Most likely overwatering or poor drainage. Check that the soil is not waterlogged and reduce watering frequency.
Can geranium cranesbill tolerate frost?
Yes, it is highly frost-tolerant and can survive hard frosts down to -15°C. In very cold areas, a winter mulch is beneficial.
How do I divide geranium cranesbill?
Lift the clump in autumn or early spring, tease apart the roots, and replant sections with at least 3–5 shoots. Water well after replanting.
Is geranium cranesbill deer-resistant?
Generally, yes. Deer tend to avoid the slightly hairy, aromatic foliage. It is also rabbit-resistant.

Quick Facts

Sun Part Shade
Water Medium
Spacing 30–45 cm
Frost tolerance High

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