Plant Library kohlrabi
Vegetable · Full Sun

How to grow kohlrabi

Brassica oleracea var. gongylodes
kohlrabi
Photo: Toubib at Dutch Wikipedia / Wikimedia Commons (CC BY-SA 3.0)
☀️
Full Sun
Sun
💧
Medium
Water
📐
20–30 cm
Spacing
🌾
50–70 days
Days to harvest

Overview

Kohlrabi is a cool-season brassica grown for its edible, swollen stem that develops just above ground level. It is a fast-growing, reliable crop that thrives in mild weather and requires consistent moisture for best results.

Varieties

  • Purple Vienna — A classic purple-skinned variety with a crisp, white interior, popular in Australian gardens.
  • White Vienna — A pale green-skinned variety with a mild, sweet flavour, ideal for early harvests.
  • Kohlrabi 'Superschmelz' — A large, slow-bolting variety that can reach 10 cm in diameter without becoming woody.

Soil Preparation

Kohlrabi prefers a pH of 6.0–7.0 in well-drained, fertile soil. Enrich with well-rotted compost or manure before planting. Avoid heavy clay soils that can cause poor stem development.

Growing Guide

Plant kohlrabi in full sun in well-drained, fertile soil. Sow seeds 6 mm deep, 30 cm apart, or transplant seedlings at the same spacing. For a steady supply, sow small batches every 3–4 weeks. Keep soil consistently moist, especially as the stem begins to swell.

Sowing

Sow seeds 6 mm deep, 30 cm apart, directly into the garden or into punnets for transplanting. Germination takes 5–10 days. Thin seedlings to 30 cm apart. For best results, sow in cool weather.

Care

Feed kohlrabi with a balanced liquid fertiliser every 2–3 weeks during active growth. Keep soil consistently moist but not waterlogged; mulch to retain moisture and suppress weeds. No pruning needed, but remove any yellowing leaves to improve airflow.

Companion Planting

Kohlrabi grows well with beetroot, onions, and herbs like dill and mint. Avoid planting near other brassicas such as broccoli or cabbage to reduce pest pressure.

Common Pests & Risks

Cabbage white caterpillar, aphids, and flea beetle are common. Control caterpillars with Bacillus thuringiensis or netting. Use a strong water spray for aphids and apply diatomaceous earth for flea beetles. Rotate crops to reduce pest buildup.

Harvesting

Harvest kohlrabi when the swollen stem is 5–8 cm in diameter, before it becomes woody. Cut the stem at soil level and remove the leaves. The stem is the main edible part, but young leaves can also be eaten.

In the Kitchen

Kohlrabi can be eaten raw, sliced into salads, or cooked like a turnip. The stem has a crisp, apple-like texture. Store in the fridge for up to 2 weeks. Young leaves are also edible and can be used in stir-fries.

Troubleshooting

Yellow leaves: overwatering or nitrogen deficiency. Brown edges: inconsistent watering or heat stress. Small, woody stems: delayed harvest or poor soil. Bolting: caused by sudden heat or drought. Pests: use netting to protect from cabbage white caterpillars.

Planting Calendar

Climate zone
Sow
Transplant
Harvest
Cool Hobart · Canberra · highlands
Aug–Nov
Sep–Dec
Nov–Feb
Temperate Melbourne · Adelaide · coastal NSW · most of NZ
Feb–Apr
Mar–May
May–Aug
Mediterranean Perth · Eyre Peninsula
Mar–Jun
Apr–Jul
Jun–Sep
Subtropical Brisbane · coastal QLD · northern NSW · Auckland
Mar–May
Apr–Jun
May–Aug

Common Questions

How long does kohlrabi take to grow?
Kohlrabi is ready to harvest 55–70 days from sowing, depending on the variety and season.
Can kohlrabi grow in a pot?
Yes, kohlrabi grows well in a pot at least 30 cm deep with good drainage and consistent moisture.
When should I plant kohlrabi in Australia?
In cool and temperate zones, plant in late summer to autumn. In subtropical zones, plant in autumn. In Mediterranean zones, plant in early autumn.
How much water does kohlrabi need?
Kohlrabi needs consistent moisture, about 2–3 cm of water per week. Do not let the soil dry out.
What are good companion plants for kohlrabi?
Beetroot, onions, and herbs like dill and mint are good companions. Avoid planting near other brassicas.
Does kohlrabi need pruning?
No, kohlrabi does not need pruning. Remove any yellowing leaves to improve airflow.
What is the best soil for kohlrabi?
Kohlrabi prefers well-drained, fertile soil with a pH of 6.0–7.0. Enrich with compost before planting.
Can kohlrabi survive frost?
Yes, kohlrabi is frost-tolerant and can be planted in cool climates. It may need protection from hard frosts.
How do I harvest kohlrabi?
Harvest when the stem is 5–8 cm in diameter. Cut at soil level and remove leaves.
What pests attack kohlrabi?
Cabbage white caterpillar, aphids, and flea beetle are common. Use netting or organic controls.
How should I store kohlrabi?
Store kohlrabi in the fridge for up to 2 weeks. The stem can be eaten raw or cooked.

Quick Facts

Sun Full Sun
Water Medium
Spacing 20–30 cm
Days to harvest 50–70
Frost tolerance High

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