Plant Library lilly pilly
Shrub · Full Sun

How to grow lilly pilly

Acmena smithii
lilly pilly
Photo: Akos Kokai / Wikimedia Commons (CC BY 2.0)
☀️
Full Sun
Sun
💧
Medium
Water
📐
200–500 cm
Spacing
❄️
Low
Frost tolerance

Overview

Lilly pilly (Acmena smithii) is an evergreen shrub or small tree native to eastern Australia. It is grown for its glossy foliage, fluffy white flowers, and edible red or purple berries. It thrives in full sun with consistent moisture and is a popular choice for hedging or screening.

Varieties

  • Acmena smithii 'Allyn Magic' — Compact dwarf form, ideal for small gardens and hedging.
  • Acmena smithii 'Firescreen' — Fast-growing with red new growth, excellent for screening.

Soil Preparation

Lilly pilly prefers slightly acidic to neutral soil (pH 6.0–7.0). Enrich with organic matter like compost before planting. Ensure good drainage to prevent root rot. Sandy loam is ideal.

Growing Guide

Plant lilly pilly in a sunny position with well-drained soil. Space plants 1–2 metres apart for a dense hedge. Dig a hole twice the width of the root ball and backfill with quality soil. Water deeply after planting and keep the soil consistently moist during the first year. Apply a slow-release native fertiliser in spring and autumn.

Sowing

Sow lilly pilly seeds 5–10 mm deep in a seed-raising mix. Keep moist and warm. Germination takes 3–6 weeks. Transplant seedlings when 10–15 cm tall. Direct sowing is possible but slower.

Care

Feed lilly pilly in spring and autumn with a balanced native fertiliser. Prune lightly after fruiting to maintain shape and encourage bushy growth. Mulch around the base to retain moisture and suppress weeds.

Companion Planting

Lilly pilly pairs well with other native shrubs like grevillea, callistemon, and westringia. Avoid planting near eucalypts that may compete for water and nutrients. Also keep away from plants prone to myrtle rust, such as some myrtle species.

Common Pests & Risks

Lilly pilly is susceptible to psyllids, which cause pimple-like bumps on leaves. Scale insects and myrtle rust can also occur. Control psyllids with horticultural oil or systemic insecticide. Prune affected branches and improve air circulation to reduce fungal issues.

Harvesting

Harvest lilly pilly berries when they turn deep red or purple and are slightly soft to the touch. This usually occurs in late summer to autumn. Pick individually or in clusters, and use fresh or process into jams and sauces.

In the Kitchen

Lilly pilly berries have a tart, cranberry-like flavour. Use them in jams, sauces, or desserts. They can also be eaten fresh. Store in the fridge for up to a week or freeze for longer use.

Troubleshooting

Yellow leaves: often due to iron deficiency or poor drainage. Brown leaf edges: caused by salt burn or dry conditions. Pimple-like bumps on leaves: psyllid infestation. Leaf drop: may be from overwatering or sudden cold. Poor fruiting: lack of sun or insufficient pollination.

Planting Calendar

Climate zone
Sow
Transplant
Harvest
Temperate Melbourne · Adelaide · coastal NSW · most of NZ
Sep–Nov
Oct–Dec
Jan–Mar
Mediterranean Perth · Eyre Peninsula
Mar–Jun
Apr–Jul
Nov–Feb
Subtropical Brisbane · coastal QLD · northern NSW · Auckland
Mar–May
Apr–Jun
Nov–Feb

Common Questions

How long does lilly pilly take to grow?
Lilly pilly grows moderately fast, reaching 2–3 metres in 3–5 years under good conditions.
Can lilly pilly grow in a pot?
Yes, compact varieties like 'Allyn Magic' do well in pots. Use a large container with good drainage.
When should I plant lilly pilly in Australia?
In temperate zones, plant in spring. In subtropical zones, plant in autumn. Avoid planting in cold winter months.
How much water does lilly pilly need?
Water regularly during the first year. Once established, it is moderately drought-tolerant but prefers consistent moisture.
What are good companion plants for lilly pilly?
Native shrubs like grevillea, callistemon, and westringia work well. Avoid plants that compete heavily for water.
How do I prune lilly pilly?
Prune lightly after fruiting to shape. For a hedge, trim regularly to maintain density. Avoid heavy pruning in winter.
What soil is best for lilly pilly?
Well-drained, slightly acidic to neutral soil. Add compost to improve structure and fertility.
Can lilly pilly handle frost?
It has low frost tolerance. Protect young plants in cold areas with mulch or frost cloth.

Quick Facts

Sun Full Sun
Water Medium
Spacing 200–500 cm
Frost tolerance Low

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