How to grow lily
Overview
Lily (Lilium spp.) is a bulbous perennial grown for its showy, often fragrant summer flowers. It thrives when its growth cycle is respected: a period of cool root run followed by warm weather for flowering. Key to success is planting in well-drained soil with the bulb at the correct depth and keeping the root zone cool.
Varieties
- Lilium 'Casa Blanca' — A classic white Oriental lily with large, fragrant flowers, excellent for cut flowers.
- Lilium 'Stargazer' — A popular pink Oriental lily with strong fragrance and upward-facing blooms.
- Lilium 'Tiger' (Lilium lancifolium) — An orange-spotted Asiatic lily, very hardy and easy to grow in Australian gardens.
- Lilium 'Golden Splendor' — A trumpet lily with golden-yellow flowers, ideal for warm climates.
Soil Preparation
Lilies prefer slightly acidic to neutral soil (pH 6.0–7.0) that is rich in organic matter and free-draining. Add well-rotted compost or aged manure before planting. If soil is heavy clay, improve drainage by planting in raised beds or adding coarse sand.
Growing Guide
Plant lily bulbs in autumn or early winter in well-drained soil enriched with organic matter. Position in part shade to protect from harsh afternoon sun, especially in warmer zones. Space bulbs 15–20 cm apart and plant at a depth of 2–3 times the bulb height (roughly 10–15 cm deep). Water in well after planting and maintain steady moisture through the growing season. In hot weather, mulch to keep roots cool and delay flowering.
Care
Feed lilies with a balanced slow-release fertiliser at planting and again when shoots emerge in spring. Remove spent flowers to prevent seed formation, but let foliage die back naturally; cut stems only after they fully yellow. Mulch annually to keep roots cool and suppress weeds.
Companion Planting
Plant lilies with low-growing perennials like hostas, ferns, or alchemilla that shade the bulb zone. Avoid planting near strong-rooted trees or large shrubs that compete for moisture. Good companions include dianthus, campanula, and agapanthus.
Common Pests & Risks
Lily beetle (red lily beetle) is a major pest in Australian gardens; handpick or use neem oil. Aphids can be controlled with a strong water spray or insecticidal soap. Fungal diseases like botrytis and basal rot occur in wet, poorly drained conditions; improve air circulation and avoid overhead watering.
Harvesting
Harvest lily flowers for cut arrangements when the first bud on the stem begins to open, usually in late spring to summer. Cut stems at an angle early in the morning and place in water immediately. Remove lower leaves that would sit below the waterline to prolong vase life.
Troubleshooting
Yellow leaves: overwatering or poor drainage; reduce water and improve soil. Brown leaf tips: too much sun or heat stress; move to part shade. Stunted growth: bulb planted too shallow or too deep; replant at correct depth. No flowers: lack of winter chill or too much nitrogen; ensure cool period and use balanced fertiliser. Bulb rot: wet soil or poor drainage; plant in raised beds or add grit.