Plant Library lovage
Herb · Part Shade

How to grow lovage

Levisticum officinale
lovage
Photo: Schlaghecken Josef / Wikimedia Commons (CC BY 4.0)
☀️
Part Shade
Sun
💧
Medium
Water
📐
60–90 cm
Spacing
🌾
90–150 days
Days to harvest

Overview

Lovage is a large, clump-forming perennial herb grown for its intense celery-like flavour in leaves, stems, and seeds. It is a versatile kitchen staple that provides repeated harvests through the growing season and thrives in cooler, moist conditions.

Soil Preparation

Lovage prefers a deep, fertile soil with a pH of 6.0–7.0. Before planting, dig in well-rotted compost or aged manure to improve moisture retention and fertility. Ensure the soil is free-draining to prevent root rot in wet conditions.

Growing Guide

Plant lovage in a position that gets morning sun and afternoon shade, especially in warmer zones. It needs deep, fertile, well-drained soil with plenty of organic matter worked in. Sow seeds 6 mm deep and 30 cm apart, or start in pots and transplant when 10 cm tall. Space plants 60–90 cm apart to allow for their large mature size. Keep soil consistently moist but not waterlogged, and mulch heavily to retain moisture and suppress weeds.

Sowing

Sow lovage seeds 6 mm deep in seed trays or direct in the garden after the last frost. Germination takes 14–21 days at 15–20°C. Transplant seedlings when they have 4–6 true leaves, spacing them 60–90 cm apart. Lovage can also be grown from divisions of established clumps.

Care

Feed lovage with a balanced organic fertiliser in early spring and again after each major harvest. Cut back flower stems to encourage leaf production, and divide clumps every 3–4 years in early spring to maintain vigour. Remove dead leaves in autumn to reduce pest habitat.

Companion Planting

Lovage grows well near brassicas, carrots, and parsnips, as its strong scent may deter some pests. Avoid planting near fennel, which can cross-pollinate and reduce seed quality, and keep away from potatoes as they may compete for nutrients.

Common Pests & Risks

Aphids and leaf miners are the most common pests on lovage in Australia. Control aphids with a strong water spray or insecticidal soap, and remove affected leaves to manage leaf miners. Slugs and snails may damage young shoots in damp weather; use organic pellets or barriers.

Harvesting

Harvest lovage leaves and stems from late spring when they reach 20–30 cm tall, cutting the outer stems at the base. For the best flavour, pick before the plant flowers. You can also harvest seeds when they turn brown in late summer.

In the Kitchen

Use lovage leaves and stems fresh in salads, soups, and stews for a strong celery flavour. The seeds can be used as a spice, similar to celery seed. Lovage leaves dry well for winter use, and the stems can be blanched and frozen.

Troubleshooting

Yellow leaves: usually from overwatering or poor drainage; improve soil and reduce watering. Brown leaf edges: often from hot afternoon sun; move to a shadier spot or increase mulch. Stunted growth: may indicate nutrient deficiency; feed with a balanced fertiliser. Leaf miners: remove affected leaves and use neem oil. Flowering too early: cut back flower stems to extend leaf harvest.

Planting Calendar

Climate zone
Sow
Transplant
Harvest
Cool Hobart · Canberra · highlands
Sep–Nov
Oct–Dec
Nov–Mar
Temperate Melbourne · Adelaide · coastal NSW · most of NZ
Aug–Nov
Sep–Dec
Oct–Apr
Mediterranean Perth · Eyre Peninsula
Mar–Jun
Apr–Jul
Jun–Nov
Subtropical Brisbane · coastal QLD · northern NSW · Auckland
Mar–Jun
Apr–Jul
May–Oct

Common Questions

How long does lovage take to grow?
Lovage takes about 14–21 days to germinate from seed, and you can start harvesting leaves from late spring, about 3–4 months after sowing.
Can lovage grow in a pot?
Yes, lovage can be grown in a large pot (at least 30–40 cm deep) with good drainage and regular watering, but it will be smaller than in the ground.
When should I plant lovage in Australia?
In cool and temperate zones, sow seeds in spring (Aug–Nov); in Mediterranean and subtropical zones, sow in autumn (Mar–Jun) to avoid summer heat.
How much water does lovage need?
Lovage needs consistent moisture, especially during dry spells, but avoid waterlogging. Water deeply once a week in summer, more if in a pot.
What are good companion plants for lovage?
Lovage grows well with brassicas, carrots, and parsnips, but avoid planting near fennel and potatoes.
How do I prune lovage?
Cut back flower stems to encourage leaf production, and remove outer leaves regularly. Divide clumps every 3–4 years in early spring.
Why are my lovage leaves turning yellow?
Yellow leaves usually mean overwatering or poor drainage. Check soil moisture and improve drainage if needed.
Can lovage survive frost?
Yes, lovage is very frost-tolerant and can survive cold winters, especially in cool and temperate zones.
How do I store lovage leaves?
Lovage leaves can be dried or frozen. To dry, hang bunches in a cool, dark place; to freeze, chop and store in airtight bags.
Is lovage invasive?
No, lovage is a clump-forming perennial that spreads slowly by division, not by runners, so it is not invasive in gardens.

Quick Facts

Sun Part Shade
Water Medium
Spacing 60–90 cm
Days to harvest 90–150
Frost tolerance High

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