Plant Library quandong
Shrub · Full Sun

How to grow quandong

Santalum acuminatum
quandong
Photo: Aussie Oc / Wikimedia Commons (CC BY-SA 4.0)
☀️
Full Sun
Sun
💧
Low
Water
📐
300–600 cm
Spacing
❄️
Medium
Frost tolerance

Overview

Quandong is a semi-parasitic shrub native to Australia, valued for its tart, red fruit. It requires a suitable host plant nearby to thrive and is well-adapted to dry, sunny conditions.

Varieties

  • Pomeroy — Selected for large fruit and high yield, suited to temperate regions.
  • Tarlee — Early-maturing variety with good flavour, popular in South Australia.
  • Boorala — A vigorous variety with consistent cropping in Mediterranean climates.

Soil Preparation

Quandong prefers light, well-drained sandy loam soils with a pH between 6.0 and 7.5. Avoid heavy clay or waterlogged conditions. Add organic matter only if very poor; excess nutrients can harm host plants.

Growing Guide

Plant quandong in full sun in well-drained soil. Space trees 3–5 metres apart. Sow seeds 1–2 cm deep in spring after scarification. Ensure a compatible host plant (e.g., Acacia saligna) is established within 2 metres. Water sparingly once established; overwatering causes root rot.

Sowing

Sow seeds in spring after nicking or scarifying the hard seed coat. Sow 1–2 cm deep in a seed-raising mix. Germination is erratic and can take 6–12 weeks. Direct sowing in position is recommended to avoid root disturbance.

Care

Feed sparingly in spring with a low-phosphorus native fertiliser. Prune after harvest to shape and remove dead wood. Mulch around the root zone to conserve moisture but avoid stem contact.

Companion Planting

Quandong is semi-parasitic on host plants such as wattles (Acacia species) or she-oaks (Casuarina). Avoid planting near heavy feeders or plants that require wet soil. Do not use nitrogen-rich fertilisers near the host.

Common Pests & Risks

Scale insects can infest quandong; control with horticultural oil. Browsing animals like kangaroos and wallabies may eat foliage; use netting or fencing. Root rot can occur in poorly drained soil.

Harvesting

Harvest quandong fruit when it turns deep red and is slightly soft to the touch, typically from late spring to summer. The fruit can be picked individually or shaken onto a tarp. Use immediately or dry for storage.

In the Kitchen

Quandong fruit can be eaten fresh but is tart; often used in jams, chutneys, and desserts. The seed kernel can be roasted and used like a nut. Fruit can be dried for long-term storage.

Troubleshooting

Yellow leaves: often indicates iron deficiency or poor drainage; check host plant health. Leaf drop: may be due to drought stress or overwatering; adjust watering. Scale insects: cause sticky honeydew and sooty mould; treat with oil sprays. Poor fruiting: may need a partner tree for cross-pollination; ensure adequate host root connections.

Planting Calendar

Climate zone
Sow
Transplant
Harvest
Temperate Melbourne · Adelaide · coastal NSW · most of NZ
Sep–Nov
Dec–Feb
Mediterranean Perth · Eyre Peninsula
Mar–Jun
Nov–Jan
Subtropical Brisbane · coastal QLD · northern NSW · Auckland
Sep–Nov
Oct–Dec

Common Questions

How long does quandong take to grow?
Quandong trees take 3–5 years to bear fruit from seed. They are slow-growing initially.
Can quandong grow in a pot?
Yes, but it will be stunted due to its deep taproot. Best to plant in ground with host.
When should I plant quandong in Australia?
In temperate and subtropical zones, plant in spring. In Mediterranean zones, autumn planting is preferable. Ensure a host is established first.
How much water does quandong need?
Water sparingly once established. Young plants need regular watering until they connect to host. Too much water causes root rot.
What companions does quandong need?
Quandong requires a host plant such as wattle or she-oak within 2 metres. Avoid nitrogen-heavy fertilisers near the host.
How do I prune quandong?
Prune after harvest to remove dead or crossing wood. Light shaping helps maintain airflow. Avoid heavy pruning.
What are common problems with quandong?
Yellow leaves indicate iron deficiency or poor drainage. Scale insects can be controlled with oil. Poor fruit set may need cross-pollination.
Can I eat quandong fruit raw?
Yes, but it is tart. It is more commonly used in jams, sauces, and desserts. The kernel is edible roasted.

Quick Facts

Sun Full Sun
Water Low
Spacing 300–600 cm
Frost tolerance Medium

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