Plant Library toothache plant
Herb · Full Sun

How to grow toothache plant

Acmella oleracea
toothache plant
Photo: കാക്കര / Wikimedia Commons (CC BY-SA 3.0)
☀️
Full Sun
Sun
💧
Medium
Water
📐
25–35 cm
Spacing
🌾
60–85 days
Days to harvest

Overview

Toothache plant (Acmella oleracea) is a fast-growing, warm-season herb prized for its yellow button flowers that cause a strong, numbing sensation when chewed. It is grown for both culinary and medicinal use, and thrives in consistently warm conditions with regular moisture.

Soil Preparation

Prefers well-drained, loamy soil with pH 6.0–7.0. Enrich with compost or well-rotted manure before planting. Avoid heavy clay or waterlogged soils.

Growing Guide

Sow seeds 3 mm deep in seed-raising mix, keeping warm and moist; germination takes 7–14 days. Transplant at 15 cm spacing into well-drained, fertile soil in full sun. Pinch out early flower buds to encourage bushy leaf growth. Water regularly to maintain steady moisture, but avoid waterlogging. In cooler zones, wait until soil is above 15°C before planting out.

Sowing

Sow seeds 3 mm deep, 30 cm apart, directly into warm soil or into punnets for transplanting. Germinates in 7–14 days at 20–25°C. Keep consistently moist until established.

Care

Feed monthly with a balanced liquid fertiliser (e.g., seaweed or fish emulsion) during active growth. Pinch out early flower buds to prolong leaf harvest. Trim back leggy stems to maintain a compact, bushy shape.

Companion Planting

Grows well with basil, chives, and marigolds in warm containers or garden beds. Avoid planting near fennel or dill, which may cross-pollinate and reduce seed viability.

Common Pests & Risks

Watch for thrips, which cause silvery streaks on leaves; control with neem oil or predatory mites. Aphids may cluster on new growth; spray with soapy water. Slugs and snails can damage young seedlings; use iron-based bait or hand-pick.

Harvesting

Harvest leaves and flowers as needed once plants are 30 cm tall. Pick small, fresh leaves and fully open flowers for maximum numbing effect. Use immediately or freeze for later use.

In the Kitchen

Chew a fresh leaf or flower for a numbing sensation on gums and tongue; use sparingly in salads, soups, or as a garnish. The numbing effect fades quickly, making it a novel addition to cocktails or herbal teas.

Troubleshooting

Yellow leaves: overwatering or poor drainage; reduce water and improve soil. Stunted growth: cold temperatures or lack of sun; move to warmer, sunnier spot. Leggy plants: insufficient light; pinch back and increase sun exposure. Flower drop: heat stress or inconsistent watering; maintain even moisture. Thrips damage: silvery streaks on leaves; treat with neem oil or introduce beneficial insects.

Planting Calendar

Climate zone
Sow
Transplant
Harvest
Temperate Melbourne · Adelaide · coastal NSW · most of NZ
Sep–Dec
Oct–Jan
Dec–Apr
Mediterranean Perth · Eyre Peninsula
Mar–Jun
Apr–Jul
Jul–Nov
Subtropical Brisbane · coastal QLD · northern NSW · Auckland
Aug–Mar
Sep–Apr
Oct–May
Tropical Darwin · Cairns · far north QLD
Mar–Aug
Apr–Sep
Jun–Nov

Common Questions

How long does toothache plant take to grow?
From seed to harvest takes about 8–10 weeks in warm conditions. It grows quickly once established.
Can toothache plant grow in a pot?
Yes, it grows well in a 20–30 cm pot with good drainage and regular watering. Keep in full sun.
When should I plant toothache plant in Australia?
In temperate zones, sow from September to December; in subtropical zones, from August to March; in tropical zones, from March to August.
How much water does toothache plant need?
It needs regular, even moisture—about 2–3 cm per week. Do not let the soil dry out completely, but avoid waterlogging.
What are good companion plants for toothache plant?
Basil, chives, and marigolds are excellent companions in warm containers. Avoid planting near fennel or dill.
How do I prune toothache plant?
Pinch out early flower buds to encourage leaf growth. Trim back leggy stems to keep the plant compact and bushy.
Is toothache plant frost tolerant?
No, it is frost-sensitive and will be damaged or killed by temperatures below 5°C. Protect in cooler zones or wait until after frost.
What pests attack toothache plant?
Thrips, aphids, and slugs are the main pests. Use neem oil for thrips, soapy water for aphids, and iron-based bait for slugs.
How do I store harvested toothache plant?
Use fresh leaves and flowers immediately. They can be frozen for later use, but drying reduces the numbing effect.
Can I grow toothache plant from seed?
Yes, sow seeds 3 mm deep in warm soil or punnets. Germination takes 7–14 days at 20–25°C.

Quick Facts

Sun Full Sun
Water Medium
Spacing 25–35 cm
Days to harvest 60–85
Frost tolerance Low

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