Plant Library tree spinach
Vegetable · Full Sun

How to grow tree spinach

Chenopodium giganteum
tree spinach
Photo: Stefan.lefnaer / Wikimedia Commons (CC BY-SA 4.0)
☀️
Full Sun
Sun
💧
Medium
Water
📐
45–60 cm
Spacing
🌾
40–70 days
Days to harvest

Overview

Tree spinach (Chenopodium giganteum) is a tall annual leafy green grown for its tender leaves and magenta-tinged shoot tips. It is not true spinach but a close relative of quinoa and amaranth. It matures quickly and provides multiple harvests when leaves are picked regularly, thriving in warm Australian summers.

Varieties

  • Magenta Spreen — A widely grown cultivar with striking magenta leaf tips and edible leaves, productive in Australian summer conditions.

Soil Preparation

Prefers rich, well-drained soil with pH 6.0–7.5. Incorporate plenty of compost or well-rotted manure before planting. Avoid heavy clay soils that stay wet; raised beds or mounds improve drainage.

Growing Guide

Sow seeds 5 mm deep in well-drained, fertile soil after all frost risk passes. Space plants 30–50 cm apart in full sun, and keep soil consistently moist but not waterlogged. Pinch out flower spikes to prolong leaf production. The plant grows 1–2 m tall; staking may help in windy sites. Harvest young leaves when the plant reaches 30 cm.

Sowing

Sow seeds directly after last frost, 5 mm deep and 30 cm apart. Germination takes 7–14 days at 20–25°C. Can also start in pots and transplant at 10 cm tall. Thin seedlings to the strongest plant per position.

Care

Feed with a balanced liquid fertiliser every 2–3 weeks during active growth. Mulch to retain moisture and suppress weeds. Remove older lower leaves to improve airflow and reduce disease risk. Pinch out flower spikes to delay bolting.

Companion Planting

Tree spinach grows well with corn, beans, cucumbers, and other summer vegetables. Avoid planting near fennel, which may inhibit growth. It also makes a good companion for amaranth and quinoa, as they share similar conditions.

Common Pests & Risks

Aphids and leaf miners are common; control aphids with a strong water spray or insecticidal soap. Remove leaf miner-affected leaves promptly. Slugs and snails may attack young plants – use organic pellets or barriers. Encourage beneficial insects like ladybirds and lacewings.

Harvesting

Begin picking young leaves and tender shoot tips when the plant is about 30 cm tall, typically 6–8 weeks after sowing. Regular harvest encourages bushier growth and extends the season. Harvest in the morning for the crispest leaves.

In the Kitchen

Young leaves and shoot tips are eaten raw in salads or cooked like spinach. Flavour is mild and earthy, less tart than true spinach. Store unwashed in a plastic bag in the fridge for up to 5 days; not suitable for freezing.

Troubleshooting

Yellowing lower leaves: often nitrogen deficiency or overwatering; feed with liquid fertiliser and check drainage. Stunted growth: caused by cold soil or air; wait for warmth or use cloches. Premature bolting: high temperatures or stress; keep soil moist and pinch flower spikes. Leaf spots: fungal; avoid overhead watering and improve airflow. Sparse growth: insufficient sunlight; ensure full sun.

Planting Calendar

Climate zone
Sow
Transplant
Harvest
Temperate Melbourne · Adelaide · coastal NSW · most of NZ
Oct–Jan
Nov–Feb
Dec–Apr
Mediterranean Perth · Eyre Peninsula
Aug–Oct
Sep–Nov
Nov–Mar
Subtropical Brisbane · coastal QLD · northern NSW · Auckland
Aug–Feb
Sep–Mar
Sep–May
Tropical Darwin · Cairns · far north QLD
Apr–Sep
May–Nov

Common Questions

How long does tree spinach take to grow?
From sowing to first harvest is about 6–8 weeks. Regular picking extends the harvest over several weeks.
Can tree spinach grow in a pot?
Yes, use a large pot at least 30 cm deep with quality potting mix. Keep soil moist and feed regularly.
When should I plant tree spinach in Australia?
In temperate zones sow Oct–Jan; subtropical Aug–Feb; Mediterranean Aug–Oct; tropical Apr–Sep. Wait until after frost in cooler areas.
How much water does tree spinach need?
Keep soil consistently moist, watering deeply once or twice a week. More often in hot weather. Avoid waterlogging.
What are good companions for tree spinach?
Corn, beans, cucumbers, and amaranth grow well together. Avoid planting near fennel.
Should I prune tree spinach?
Pinch off flower spikes to keep the plant leafy and productive. Removing the top when it flowers encourages side shoots.
What common problems affect tree spinach?
Aphids, leaf miners, slugs, and snails are common. Also yellow leaves from nutrient deficiency or overwatering.
Can tree spinach survive frost?
No, it is frost-sensitive. Plant after the last frost or provide protection with cloches or row covers in cooler areas.

Quick Facts

Sun Full Sun
Water Medium
Spacing 45–60 cm
Days to harvest 40–70
Frost tolerance Low

Track your tree spinach planting, events, and harvests in MyPlot.

Start tracking for free →