Plant Library wombok
Vegetable · Full Sun

How to grow wombok

Brassica rapa subsp. pekinensis
wombok
Photo: Missvain / Wikimedia Commons (CC BY 4.0)
☀️
Full Sun
Sun
💧
Medium
Water
📐
35–45 cm
Spacing
🌾
60–90 days
Days to harvest

Overview

Wombok is a Chinese cabbage variety grown for its dense, barrel-shaped heads of crisp, pale green leaves. It is a fast-growing cool-season crop that requires consistent moisture and mild temperatures to form tight heads without bolting.

Varieties

  • Wombok (standard) — The classic barrel-headed Chinese cabbage, reliable in most Australian climates.
  • Napa — A slightly taller, more elongated head with crisp texture; good for subtropical areas.

Soil Preparation

Wombok prefers rich, loamy soil with a pH of 6.0–7.0. Add well-rotted compost or aged manure before planting to boost nutrients. Ensure soil drains well to prevent root rot; raised beds help in heavy clay.

Growing Guide

Sow seed 5mm deep in well-drained, fertile soil with a pH of 6.0–7.0. Space seedlings 30–40cm apart in rows 45cm apart. Plant in full sun and water deeply 2–3 times per week. For best results, sow in late summer for autumn harvest in temperate zones, or early spring in cool zones. Avoid transplanting once roots are disturbed; direct sowing or careful punnets work best.

Sowing

Sow seeds 5mm deep, 30cm apart, in rows 45cm apart. Germination takes 5–10 days at 15–25°C. Direct sow in final position to avoid transplant shock, or use punnets for cooler zones.

Care

Feed with a balanced liquid fertiliser (e.g., seaweed or fish emulsion) every 2–3 weeks during active growth. Remove yellowing or damaged outer leaves to improve airflow. Mulch around the base with straw to keep soil cool and moist, but avoid covering the crown.

Companion Planting

Plant wombok near peas, beans, or dill to improve growth. Avoid planting after other brassicas (broccoli, kale, cauliflower) to reduce soil-borne disease. Do not plant near tomatoes or strawberries, which can compete for nutrients.

Common Pests & Risks

Cabbage white butterfly caterpillars are the main pest; cover with netting or insect mesh. Aphids cluster on new growth; spray with soapy water or neem oil. Slugs and snails attack young seedlings; use iron-based pellets or beer traps.

Harvesting

Harvest when heads are firm to the touch and about 15–20cm in diameter, usually 70–80 days from sowing. Cut at the base with a sharp knife; remove outer leaves if damaged. Store in the fridge for up to 2 weeks.

In the Kitchen

Use raw in salads or slaws, or stir-fry and pickle. The leaves are tender and mild; store in a plastic bag in the fridge for up to 2 weeks. Wombok is also excellent in kimchi or as a steamed side.

Troubleshooting

Bolting (runs to seed): caused by heat or dry soil; plant in cool months and water consistently. Yellow leaves: nitrogen deficiency or overwatering; feed with liquid fertiliser and check drainage. Small heads: overcrowding or poor soil; space 30cm apart and add compost. Holes in leaves: cabbage white caterpillars; cover with netting. Root rot: soggy soil; improve drainage with raised beds.

Planting Calendar

Climate zone
Sow
Transplant
Harvest
Cool Hobart · Canberra · highlands
Oct–Dec
Nov–Jan
Jan–Mar
Temperate Melbourne · Adelaide · coastal NSW · most of NZ
Sep–Nov
Oct–Dec
Dec–Feb
Mediterranean Perth · Eyre Peninsula
Mar–Jun
Apr–Jul
Jul–Sep
Subtropical Brisbane · coastal QLD · northern NSW · Auckland
Mar–May
Apr–Jun
Jun–Aug

Common Questions

How long does wombok take to grow?
From seed to harvest, wombok takes 70–80 days in cool weather. It can be faster in warm conditions but may bolt.
Can wombok grow in a pot?
Yes, use a pot at least 30cm deep and wide. Keep it well-watered and in full sun; expect smaller heads.
When should I plant wombok in Australia?
In cool and temperate zones, plant in spring (Sep–Nov). In subtropical and Mediterranean zones, plant in autumn (Mar–Jun). Avoid summer heat.
How much water does wombok need?
Wombok needs steady moisture, about 2–3 deep waterings per week. Do not let soil dry out, but avoid waterlogging.
What are the best companion plants for wombok?
Peas, beans, and dill are good companions. Avoid planting near other brassicas or tomatoes.
How do I prevent wombok from bolting?
Plant in cool months, water consistently, and choose a variety suited to your zone. Bolting is triggered by heat and dry soil.
What soil pH is best for wombok?
Aim for a pH of 6.0–7.0. Add lime if soil is too acidic, or sulfur if too alkaline.
Can I grow wombok in summer?
Only in cool or high-altitude zones with mild summers. In most areas, summer heat causes bolting or poor heads.
How do I store wombok after harvest?
Wrap in a damp cloth or plastic bag and refrigerate. It keeps for up to 2 weeks. Do not freeze.
What pests attack wombok?
Cabbage white caterpillars, aphids, and slugs are common. Use netting, soap spray, or iron-based pellets.

Quick Facts

Sun Full Sun
Water Medium
Spacing 35–45 cm
Days to harvest 60–90
Frost tolerance Medium

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