How to grow philodendron
Overview
Philodendron hederaceum is a fast-growing climbing or trailing vine from the Araceae family, prized for its heart-shaped leaves and ability to soften vertical structures. It thrives in bright, indirect light and is commonly grown indoors or on shaded patios, where it adds lush, layered greenery.
Varieties
- Philodendron hederaceum 'Brasil' — Variegated green and yellow leaves, very popular in Australian nurseries for its bright, easy-care appeal.
- Philodendron hederaceum 'Lemon Lime' — Neon-green foliage that adds a pop of colour to shaded spots; grows well in subtropical and temperate zones.
- Philodendron hederaceum 'Micans' — Velvet-textured, dark green leaves with a subtle copper sheen; a favourite for indoor hanging baskets.
Soil Preparation
Use a light, well-draining potting mix with a pH of 5.5–6.5. Amend with perlite or orchid bark to improve aeration, and add a handful of worm castings for slow-release nutrients. Avoid heavy clay soils that hold moisture.
Growing Guide
Position philodendron in bright, indirect light or part shade, avoiding harsh afternoon sun. Use a well-draining, peat-based potting mix or rich garden soil with added organic matter. For climbing, provide a moss pole, trellis, or shaded wall; space plants 30–50 cm apart. Water when the top 2 cm of soil feels dry, and maintain consistent moisture without waterlogging. In cooler zones, grow in a pot to move indoors during frost.
Care
Feed monthly in spring and summer with a balanced liquid fertiliser (e.g., 10-10-10) diluted to half strength. Prune back leggy stems to encourage bushiness, and wipe leaves with a damp cloth to remove dust and deter pests. Repot every 2–3 years to refresh soil.
Companion Planting
Pair philodendron with other shade-loving foliage plants like ferns, pothos, and peace lilies for a cohesive green display. Avoid placing near plants that require full sun or dry conditions, such as succulents or lavender, as they have conflicting moisture needs.
Common Pests & Risks
Mealybugs and scale are common on philodendron; treat with a neem oil spray or insecticidal soap. Root rot occurs from overwatering—ensure pots have drainage holes and let soil dry slightly between waterings. Check leaves regularly for spider mites in dry indoor air.
Troubleshooting
Yellow leaves: often from overwatering or poor drainage—let soil dry out and check pot holes. Brown leaf edges: caused by low humidity or dry air—mist leaves or use a pebble tray. Leggy growth: insufficient light—move to a brighter spot. Drooping leaves: underwatering—water thoroughly and maintain consistent moisture. Small leaves: need more nutrients or a larger pot—feed monthly and repot if rootbound.