Plant Library plume grass
Grass · Full Sun

How to grow plume grass

Dichelachne crinita
plume grass
Photo: Harry Rose from South West Rocks, Australia / Wikimedia Commons (CC BY 2.0)
☀️
Full Sun
Sun
💧
Low
Water
📐
30–60 cm
Spacing
❄️
Medium
Frost tolerance

Overview

Plume grass (Dichelachne crinita) is a clumping, warm-season perennial grass native to eastern and southern Australia. It is grown for its soft, feathery seed heads that sway in the breeze, adding movement and texture to meadow-style or naturalistic plantings. The key requirement is excellent drainage; it will not tolerate wet feet.

Soil Preparation

Plume grass prefers a free-draining soil with a pH of 6.0–7.5. Sandy loam or gravelly soil is ideal; if planting in clay, amend with coarse sand or gypsum to improve drainage. Avoid heavy mulching around the crown.

Growing Guide

Plant plume grass in a position with full sun and well-drained soil; it thrives in sandy or gravelly loams. Space clumps 30–50 cm apart for a dense effect or 60–80 cm for specimen plants. Sow seed directly in spring (temperate) or autumn (mediterranean/subtropical) at 3–5 mm depth, or plant potted divisions at the same depth as the nursery pot. Water in well after planting, then allow the soil to dry between waterings. Do not overwater; established plants are drought-tolerant.

Sowing

Sow seed in spring or autumn at 3–5 mm depth in seed trays or direct in the garden. Germination takes 14–21 days at 18–22°C. Thin to 10–15 cm apart when seedlings are 5 cm tall. Direct sowing is easiest; transplanting is also fine.

Care

Feed with a low-nitrogen native fertiliser in early spring to support healthy growth. Cut back old foliage to ground level in late winter to encourage fresh new shoots. Divide clumps every 3–4 years in early spring to maintain vigour and prevent centre dieback.

Companion Planting

Good companions include paper daisies (Rhodanthe), kangaroo paw (Anigozanthos), and blue flax (Linum). Avoid planting near moisture-loving species like rushes or sedges, as they will compete poorly and may cause root rot in plume grass.

Common Pests & Risks

Plume grass is generally pest-free, but may occasionally attract aphids on new growth or grasshoppers in dry summers. Control aphids with a strong water spray or insecticidal soap; grasshoppers are rarely a problem and can be ignored. No significant diseases occur if drainage is adequate.

Harvesting

Plume grass is not harvested for a crop; the seed heads are ornamental and can be cut for dried flower arrangements. Harvest stems when the seed heads are fully formed but before they begin to shatter, typically in late summer to early autumn. Cut at the base and hang upside down to dry.

Troubleshooting

Yellowing leaves: usually overwatering or poor drainage – reduce water and check soil. Brown leaf tips: dry air or under-watering – increase water slightly. Stunted growth: lack of sun – move to full sun. Seed heads not forming: too much nitrogen – switch to low-nitrogen fertiliser. Clump centre dying: needs division – divide every 3–4 years.

Planting Calendar

Climate zone
Plant / repot
Transplant
Peak season
Cool Hobart · Canberra · highlands
Oct–Dec
Nov–Jan
Jan–Mar
Temperate Melbourne · Adelaide · coastal NSW · most of NZ
Sep–Nov
Oct–Dec
Dec–Feb
Mediterranean Perth · Eyre Peninsula
Mar–May
Apr–Jun
Oct–Dec
Subtropical Brisbane · coastal QLD · northern NSW · Auckland
Mar–May
Apr–Jun
Sep–Nov

Common Questions

How long does plume grass take to grow?
From seed, it reaches full size in 1–2 seasons. Flowering occurs in the second year.
Can plume grass grow in a pot?
Yes, in a well-drained pot with at least 30 cm depth. Use a sandy native mix and water sparingly.
When should I plant plume grass in Australia?
In temperate and cool zones, plant in spring (Sep–Nov). In mediterranean and subtropical zones, plant in autumn (Mar–May).
How much water does plume grass need?
Low to moderate. Water deeply every 2–3 weeks once established; more often in pots. Let the soil dry between waterings.
Does plume grass need full sun?
Yes, it needs at least 6 hours of direct sun daily. It will become leggy and flop in shade.
Is plume grass frost tolerant?
It tolerates light frosts (down to -5°C) but may die back in heavy frost. Protect in cool zones.
How do I prune plume grass?
Cut back to ground level in late winter every year. This renews the clump and removes old foliage.
What are good companion plants for plume grass?
Paper daisies, kangaroo paw, blue flax, and other native grasses. Avoid moisture-loving plants.
Can I harvest plume grass for dried flowers?
Yes, cut stems when seed heads are fully formed but before they shatter. Hang to dry.
Why is my plume grass not flowering?
Too much nitrogen or too little sun. Switch to low-nitrogen fertiliser and ensure full sun.

Quick Facts

Sun Full Sun
Water Low
Spacing 30–60 cm
Frost tolerance Medium

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