How to grow split leaf philodendron
Overview
Split leaf philodendron (Thaumatophyllum bipinnatifidum) is a large, evergreen shrub grown for its deeply lobed, glossy foliage that adds bold texture to tropical and subtropical gardens. It is not a true philodendron but belongs to the related Thaumatophyllum genus. Provide shelter from frost and hot afternoon sun for best performance.
Varieties
- Hope — A compact selection with a more upright habit and smaller leaves, ideal for smaller gardens or containers.
- Selloum — The classic large form with deeply divided, glossy leaves reaching 1 m or more, common in older gardens.
Soil Preparation
Prefers rich, organic, well-drained soil with a pH between 5.5 and 7.0. Amend clay soils with compost and coarse sand to improve drainage. Avoid heavy, compacted soils that retain water, which can lead to root rot.
Growing Guide
Plant in a sheltered spot with bright, indirect light or morning sun and afternoon shade. Use well-drained soil enriched with organic matter and space plants at least 2 m apart to accommodate their eventual spread. Keep soil consistently moist but not waterlogged, especially during active growth. Apply a thick layer of mulch to retain moisture and suppress weeds. Avoid planting in frost-prone areas; in cooler climates grow in a large pot that can be moved indoors during winter.
Care
Feed monthly from spring to early autumn with a balanced liquid fertiliser or a controlled-release fertiliser high in nitrogen. Prune away dead or yellowing leaves at the base to maintain shape and airflow. For container-grown plants, repot every 2–3 years into fresh potting mix to prevent root binding.
Companion Planting
Pair with other bold-foliage plants like alocasias, cordylines, and giant ferns to create a layered tropical effect. Avoid planting near aggressive root systems from trees such as eucalypts, which will compete for water. Underplant with shade-tolerant groundcovers like bromeliads or calatheas to fill the bare soil beneath the canopy.
Common Pests & Risks
Scale insects and mealybugs often attack the undersides of leaves and stems; treat with horticultural oil or soap spray. Root rot is a risk in heavy, poorly drained soils – improve drainage and avoid overwatering. Watch for spider mites in hot, dry weather and increase humidity around the plant.
Troubleshooting
Yellowing leaves: often caused by overwatering or poor drainage – let soil dry out slightly between waterings. Brown crispy leaf edges: low humidity or too much direct sun – increase humidity and move to a shadier spot. Drooping stems: underwatering – water deeply and check root health. Stunted growth: nutrient deficiency – apply a balanced fertiliser. Leaf spot: fungal disease from wet foliage – water at base and improve air circulation.